Hyacinth in a pot - flower care

Hyacinth - a flower of the asparagus family, with a pronounced pleasant aroma. This is a universal plant that is grown in the house and on the street. But in the pot it will not bloom repeatedly: this is possible only when transplanted into open ground.

Why hyacinths are grown in pots

Flowers are grown both in pots and in open field.

Hyacinth is a perennial bulb flower that quickly responds to the creation of favorable conditions by lush flowering. After that, the bulb needs rest, which is otherwise called the "rest state". During this period, plant organs begin to form in it, which will delight with its beauty for the next season. These are natural processes for all bulbs, and hyacinth is no exception.

But at home, you can change the natural rhythms of the plant and get beautiful flowers by the desired date. This process is forced and is called "distillation." Its two options are possible: in water and soil.

Depending on the timing of cultivation, three types of distillation are distinguished:

• early (by the end of December);
• mid-early (receiving flowers in mid-winter);
• late (flowering in early spring).

Important! The bulb can gain strength for further flowering only in natural conditions. To do this, it is transplanted into the ground. Before the onset of frost, they dig out and transfer to the house. Then it can be used again for germination by a certain date.

When selling blooming hyacinths, a label with the text is often attached to the pot: after flowering, throw the bulb. In this way, sellers inform that they can’t get the flower again in the pot. To do this, proceed in accordance with the note proposed above: transplant the bulb into the soil on the street.

Residents of cities are often deprived of this opportunity and do not know how to properly grow hyacinths. The bulb can not be thrown away, but planted on the territory of the house, cottage or on any flower bed you like. It is likely that by the end of autumn she will give 1-2 children.

Proper flower forcing

Choosing a quality planting material is very important for successful flowering.

The success of the distillation of hyacinths largely depends on the variety of the plant and how well the bulb is selected. A number of requirements are imposed on planting material.

Bulb preparation

In order for the hyacinth in the pot to bloom, it is necessary to properly prepare the bulb. This only applies to seed that has been dug from the ground. If the onion is bought on a retail network, it is obviously believed that it has passed all the stages of preparation listed below.

1. Bulbs intended for germination are dug up in the middle of summer. They are cleaned of soil and kept for 14-15 days under conditions of high humidity at + 30 ° C.
2. Next, the temperature is reduced to + 25 ° C and the seeds are kept for two weeks.
3. Further, until the moment of planting, the bulbs are kept at + 17 ° C.

Landing time

The rooting period of the bulb is 6-10 weeks, depending on the variety and quality of the seed. If you want to grow flowers by a certain time, they are guided by the time-tested deadlines:

• flowers for the beginning of the new year and Christmas - planting in the first half of September;
• March 8 - at the end of October.

Soil preparation

Any small containers are suitable for planting hyacinths: plastic cups, deep disposable plates, pots, jars.

For landing, you need a certain list of materials and tools

1. 10-20 mm thick drainage is formed at the bottom. It can be small pebbles mixed with sand.
2. Next, pour a layer of soil. For the cultivation of hyacinths, you can not use acidic. The best choice is a mixture in equal proportions of leafy soil, turf and compost, make a little sand and peat. You can also mix in equal proportions lowland peat and coarse sand. Another option is to buy ready-mixed soil in a store for gardeners.
3. A 5-7 mm layer of sand is poured onto the substrate. This is a precaution against rotting the roots of a plant.

Landing

For distillation, deep pots with a height of 14-20 cm are used. During growth, the bulb will inevitably grow and protrude above the surface of the soil. Therefore, you need to plant it in the upper third of the pot, and not at the level of its edges.

For commercial purposes, hyacinths are grown in small boxes, but each bulb is in a separate cell.

The landing process consists of several stages:

• the bulb is pressed lightly into the ground with the bottom (do not screw it in!);
• sprinkled with earth so that the upper part of the bulb was free, protruded above the ground;
• dusting of the upper part with dry sawdust is permissible.

Attention! If several bulbs are planted at once, they should not be in contact with each other. At the same time, the landing should be quite crowded. The optimal distance between them is 2-2.5 cm.

Rooting period

After the flower is planted in a pot, it needs a dormant period. The following conditions are provided at this time:

• complete lack of lighting;
• air temperature + 5-7 ° C;
• normal humidity.

During the rooting period, they constantly monitor that the earth in the tank is moderately moist. Drying is unacceptable. For the purpose of disinfection and top dressing, the soil is watered with a potassium permanganate solution and sprinkled with wood ash. The duration of the rest period is 2-2.5 months.

Storage space for pots:

• lower shelf of the refrigerator;
• cold loggia;
• basement or cellar;
• garage.

The rest period is otherwise called "cold." This is a mandatory step in the process of forcing bulb flowers.

The final stage of distillation

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After two months after planting, they begin to regularly check whether sprouts have appeared. As soon as they reach a height of 2-2.5 cm, the seed pots carry a cool and well-lit place. Optimal - on the windowsill. Here the flower should be throughout the next month. In the first week after the end of the cold period, it is advisable to cover the pots with a paper cap.

Attention! During this period of plant growth, the air temperature should not exceed + 15 ° C.

At the end of this stage, buds appear and the pot is transferred to the place where it will be constantly located. Then they expect the beginning of flowering. Hyacinths do not tolerate excess moisture, so you need to water regularly, but in moderation.

Forcing in water

To obtain a "water" flower until the time of planting, they go through the same steps as when growing in a pot. It is important to choose the right water tank. It should be such that the bulb does not sink in the liquid, but comes in contact with it with its lower, root part. In order to achieve this, you can use various devices. Narrow glasses are a good choice.

Water should be clean: rain or filtered. The container must be wrapped with dark paper and sent to a cool place for the cold period to pass. All this time they monitor the level of the liquid and top up it in a timely manner. After the first roots appear, add fertilizer. For example, "Kornevin."

How to choose a good, healthy plant in the store

Flowers purchased in the hypermarket need special care, which sometimes can not be provided at home.

The success of growing hyacinth in a pot directly depends on the quality of the seed. In order to avoid errors, the following rules are recommended.

1. Bulbs with a diameter of at least 50 mm are used for distillation. If hyacinths are grown in the garden, a smaller seed is suitable.
2. Depending on the variety, the maximum permissible diameter of bulbs for growing hyacinth in a pot is 40-60 mm.

Requirements for the appearance and quality of the seed:

• lack of rot and mechanical damage;
• smooth surface;
• lack of traces of damage by pests and diseases;
• hard to touch structure.

Important! The main criterion for choosing hyacinth for growing in a pot is the ratio of the diameter of the bulb and its bottom. It should be 1.5-1.6: 1. For unsuitable seed, this ratio is much smaller.

Bought a flower brought home, how to care for it?

Usually blooming hyacinths are not transplanted, but this rule does not apply to plants purchased in garden stores

A hyacinth bulb can be bought at any time of the year. If there is no intention to immediately send it for distillation, then it is placed in a cool place for storage at a temperature of 6-9 ° C. This will suspend growth processes and usher in a dormant period. If the bulb is purchased in a pot, it is placed in a well-lit place for distillation.

Is it worth replanting from a store pot

Regarding whether hyacinth should be transplanted from a store pot, the opinions of gardeners differ. Some believe that it is undesirable to injure a flower with a transplant. Others do not see any dangers for the plant in this process. In order to decide what to do next, assess the situation by several parameters:

• flower condition: rooted bulb, there are sprouts, blooms;
• pot size;
• what will be done with the plant after it fades.

Most often, hyacinths are sold in their best presentation: blooming. In this case, the bulbs are planted in such small containers that the soil is almost invisible. Plant vegetation under such conditions is supported by watering with chemicals. Once this process stops, the flower may die. Therefore, in order to preserve the life of a flower, hyacinth after purchase must be transplanted into a pot with soil, regardless of whether it blooms or not. If it is purchased in a container with a sufficient amount of substrate, it is better to refrain from transplanting. After the hyacinth fades, the bulb is dug up and sent to rest.

Pot Hyacinth Growing Conditions

Try not to put hyacinths on the windowsills, where there is a high probability of dehydration from heating batteries

A pot of hyacinth is placed in any bright, warm place. Undesirable proximity to heating appliances: radiators and various heaters. For normal vegetation, the plant has enough room temperature.

During the bud ripening period, hyacinth can be illuminated in the evenings by an incandescent or fluorescent lamp. The optimum temperature for flowering is 20 ° C. Watering should be moderate but constant. Do not allow the soil to dry out. It is important to prevent water from entering the upper part of the bulb and leaf sinuses.

Therefore, water is added at the edge of the pot. This will inevitably cause a gradual erosion of the substrate. In order to avoid this, the container with the flower is periodically rotated. This is also useful for the trunk of the plant to grow upright. If necessary (if the soil is not nutritious enough), fertilizing with mineral fertilizers is possible.

The above conditions are considered ideal for growing hyacinth in a pot. But it is not always possible to provide them. However, do not worry about this: hyacinth is quite unpretentious and will certainly bloom at room temperature and normal room lighting.

What care to provide hyacinth after flowering

Inexperienced flower growers are unaware of what to do with hyacinth after it has faded. It all depends on whether you intend to get another full-fledged plant from this bulb. If not, the flower is dug up and thrown away. But you can do otherwise: dig a bulb and transplant it into the garden. Here she will rest and give new flowers, subject to proper care.

If there is an intention to engage in the reproduction and further cultivation of hyacinths, proceed as follows.

1. When the plant fades, cut the flower.
2. Continue moderate watering and top dressing until the leaves remaining on the trunk are wilted. During this period, the bulb will gradually increase in size and the appearance of children is possible.
3. Next, the bulb is removed from the soil and cleaned of dried leaves. If there are kids, separate them.
4. Those bulbs that have faded after distillation are unsuitable for reuse. But they can be planted in the ground in the flowerbed or in the garden.

The maximum "lifespan" of hyacinth bulbs is 10 years. All this time they give flowers with a frequency of 1 time in 1-2 years.

Landing

Hyacinth bulbs are planted only when they want to get a magnificent bloom.

On average, hyacinths bloom 1.5-2 weeks. At the final stage, the drying of the peduncle and leaves is observed. From this moment, watering is gradually reduced and completely stopped after the flower dries.

Attention! You can not cut the green mass and flowers before they dry, since during this period there is an outflow of nutrients into the bulb.

The peeled bulb is planted in the ground at a temperature of + 20-30 ° C. The optimal period is the first half of autumn. Landing is carried out to a depth of 10-12 cm on dense heavy soils and 12-15 cm on loose and light.

1. Form a well of appropriate depth.
2. Pour 1-2 cm of sand onto the bottom.
3. The distance between the bulbs is 8-9 cm.
4. Before frost cover the landing site 10 cm with a layer of mulch.

Diseases and Pests

Like any other plant, this flower can be affected by various diseases and pests. Most often when growing hyacinths in pots, the following are found.

Yellow bacterial rot

With the disease, the leaves of the plant are affected, and then the bulbs (orchid in the photo)

The disease is accompanied by liquefaction of the bulb, a pronounced unpleasant odor, the cessation of plant growth. At the initial stage of the defeat with yellow rot, gray spots appear on the leaves.

Parasitic apical rot

The disease is caused by pathogenic microorganisms in contaminated soil. Signs of the disease:

• brown shallow grooves on flowers and leaves;
• the tips of the leaves are covered with mycelium, thinned and destroyed;
• rot the roots.

Decay processes accelerate with increasing air temperature.

Mosaic

Leaves first gobble, and then the whole plant

Randomly elongated light green spots appear on leaves and flowers. Affected areas begin to turn yellow and dry. Plant growth slows down. Possible death.

Gray rot

Gray rot leads to the death of bulbs (pictured is a tulip bulb)

Most often affects plants at the beginning of growth. The disease is characterized by the formation of yellow spots, which gradually increase in size and acquire a brown color. Pretty quickly, root rot begins. The plant dies.

Pests

One of the parasites of hyacinths is tobacco thrips.

When grown outdoors, the most dangerous pests for hyacinths are aphids and thrips. They take the juice from the plant, which leads to the drying of flowers and leaves. To prevent damage, spraying with acids is carried out. The most effective "Fitoverm", "Akarin", "Accord".

Plants grown in pots and open fields may suffer from nematodes. These parasites are of two types: stem and gall. Most often, the first ones are found that parasitize on all parts of the plant, terrestrial and underground. In this case, the bulbs soften, the growth of hyacinth gradually stops.

There are no radical measures to combat these parasites. On sale there is the only drug to which nematodes are sensitive - Fitoverm. It is used as a therapeutic and prophylactic agent. Before planting on the soil, a powder is poured with a thin layer of this preparation and mixed with the ground to a depth of at least 15 cm.

Possible problems when growing hyacinths: table

A table of possible mistakes when growing hyacinths in a pot and how to fix them will help a beginner grower.

Hyacinth propagation at home

In nature, hyacinth is propagated by children. Moreover, the bulbs increase them for a very long time: 3-5 years. For obvious reasons, for home breeding, this method is of little use. Over the years of selection of onion flowers, several optimal methods for their reproduction were found:

• by seeds;
• kids
• cuttings;
• cutting out the bottom;
• dissection of the bulb (propagation by scales).

The most laborious and time consuming is the first method of reproduction: by seeds. It is most often used if you want to get flowers of a rare variety, whose bulbs are not on sale.

Reproduction by children

Reproduction by children is the simplest.

Highly productive, most commonly used method. Beneficial for several reasons:

• the first flowering is obtained in the third year after planting;
• all traits of the mother plant are inherited;
• high survival rate.

The stimulation of the formation of children is carried out by crosswise incising the bottom of the mother’s bulb.

Cuttings

Cuttings are harvested during the formation of buds.

1. Choose a leaf with a handle and cut it as close to the stem of the plant as possible.
2. The slice is treated with a disinfecting and growth-promoting drug.
3. Planted in a container with a substrate or under a film.

After 3-4 weeks, rooting occurs. After 50-60 days, the first sprouts of the new plant appear. In the first two years, the bulb is not dug up, they are left to winter under a thick layer of mulch.

Bottom cutting

This method is best used by experienced gardeners.

With this method of reproduction, large bulbs are used. The sequence of actions is as follows:

• washed seed from soil residues;
• laid for drying for 5-7 days;
• with a sharpened knife, cut the bottom of the bulbs so that a conical hole is obtained;
• the place of cut on the bulb and cut out the bottom is treated with a fungicide solution (you can use crushed charcoal);
• cut bottoms are laid upside down and covered with plastic wrap.

The first children with a diameter of 5-10 mm appear after 2-3 months. If the air temperature allows (not lower than + 30 ° С), it is possible to land in the ground.

Onion dissection

This method of propagation requires dense large bulbs. Using a sharp knife, they are divided into 5-6 parts. Each slice is disassembled into scales. All sections are treated with a disinfectant. The resulting seed is stored in plastic bags. In the first month at a temperature of + 20-25 ° C, in the second - + 17-20 ° C.

If desired, you can grow beautiful hyacinths in a pot at home. This will help detailed instructions for each stage of preparation and germination of seed, care for flowering plants.